Akram Aylisli's <i>People and Trees</i> is the first major work in a long, illustrious literary career by the only contemporary writer from Azerbaijan to occupy a significant place on the world stage. Told in the voice of the young Muslim boy Sadykh, the three linked novellas and a related short story that make up <i>People and Trees</i> explore village life in the mountains of Azerbaijan before, during, and just after World War II. During this period, Soviet authority has been transforming traditional Azeri society, converting private land to communal agriculture and bulldozing mosques to build local "palaces of culture." Aylisli&#8217;s young narrator fantasizes about striding into the bright socialist future he&#8217;s seen on the movie screen, hand-in-hand with a beautiful girl, as his ne&#8217;er-do-well uncle whines about the land his family worked for generations, expropriated now by the Soviet state to be part of the local collective farm.