<p>Preface<br/> <br/> <br/>Acknowledgments<br/> <br/> <br/>1. The Founding Fathers<br/> <br/> <blockquote> <br/>Abraham and Ishmael in the Hijaz<br/> Father Qusayy and the Quraysh<br/> The Sons of Qusayy<br/> <br/> </blockquote> <br/>2. The Colonial Era in Arabia<br/> <br/> <blockquote> <br/>Arabian Clients and Tributaries<br/> The Tribes of the South<br/> The Abyssinians Invade<br/> <br/> </blockquote> <br/>3. The Arabian <i>Oikoumene</i><br/><i> </i><br/> <blockquote> <br/>Hashim the Trader<br/> Northern Neighbors<br/> The Shahs and Arabia<br/> The Commerce of Mecca<br/> <br/> </blockquote> <br/>4. The Family and City of Muhammad<br/> <br/> <blockquote> <br/>A Celebrated Grandfather<br/> Abraha<br/> "The Men Who Have the Elephant"<br/> The Security of the Quraysh<br/> Buying and Selling in the Sacred Months<br/> A Religious Sodality: The Hums<br/> The Persian Occupation of the Kingdom of Himyar<br/> The Birth of Muhammad ibn Abdullah<br/> <br/> </blockquote> <br/>5. The Gods and the Shrine<br/> <br/> <blockquote> <br/>The Gods and Worship at Mecca<br/> The Pilgrimage Before Islam<br/> The Worship of the One True God<br/> Personal Devotions<br/> Muhammad and Meccan Paganism<br/> <br/> </blockquote> <br/>6. A Prophet at Mecca<br/> <br/> <blockquote> <br/>Coming of Age in Mecca<br/> The Prophetic Summons<br/> A Heavenly Journey<br/> The Earliest <i>Sura?</i><br/><i> </i>Muhammad's Public Preaching<br/> The Warning<br/> God on High<br/> The Call to Prayer<br/> <br/> </blockquote> <br/>7. The Migration to Medina<br/> <br/> <blockquote> <br/>The Opposition of the Quraysh<br/> The Deaths of Khadija and Abu Talib<br/> An Invitation from a Distant Oasis<br/> A Turn to Armed Resistance<br/> The Hijra (622 A.D.)<br/> <br/> </blockquote> <br/>8. The City of the Prophet<br/> <br/> <blockquote> <br/>Yathrib<br/> Jews and Arabs<br/> Muhammad Settles In<br/> The Medina Agreement<br/> Innovations<br/> <br/> </blockquote> <br/>9. Fighting in God's Cause<br/> <br/> <blockquote> <br/>Violence in the Sacred Month<br/> The Battle at the Badr Wells<br/> From Badr to the Battle of the Trench<br/> The Banu Qurayza<br/> A New Tactic<br/> The Northern Oases<br/> The <i>`Umra</i> Fulfilled<br/> A Daring Raid into Syria<br/> <br/> </blockquote> <br/>10. "The Truth Has Come and Falsehood Has Passed Away"<br/> <br/> <blockquote> <br/>The Fall of Mecca<br/> The Smashing of the Idols<br/> Hunayn, Ta'if, and the <i>`Umra</i><br/><i> </i>The Malingerers<br/> The Establishment of an Islamic <i>Umma</i>, with Dues<br/> The <i>Hajj </i>of Year 9: The Break with the Pagans<br/> The Idolators Submit<br/> <br/> </blockquote> <br/>11. The Pilgrimage of Farewell<br/> <br/> <blockquote> <br/>An Islamic Pilgrimage<br/> The Ban on the Pagans<br/> The Calendar Reformed<br/> <br/> </blockquote> <br/>12. Illness and Death<br/> <br/> <br/>Appendix: The Quest of the Historical Muhammad<br/> <br/> <br/>Notes<br/> <br/> <br/>References<br/> <br/> <br/>Index</p>